Hastings Aquarium is home to an incredible array of marine life, with species from across the globe decorating our huge tanks. Among the many fascinating residents we have, the pufferfish stand out as some of the most intriguing creatures.
Known for their unique defence mechanisms and vibrant appearances, pufferfish are a favourite among our guests, of all ages!
In this post, we’ll dive into the world of pufferfish and tell you about the species you can encounter during your visit to Hastings Aquarium.
An introduction to pufferfish
Pufferfish belong to the family Tetraodontidae, a group of approximately 120 species of fish known for their ability to inflate themselves with water or air when threatened. They’re found primarily in tropical and subtropical waters around coral reefs, lagoons, and estuaries, though some species venture into freshwater.
Despite their cute appearance, they’re actually incredibly toxic. Many species release toxins through their skin, which they get through their food. Tetrodotoxin, the toxic substance they produce, is a potent neurotoxin that is lethal to predators and humans if consumed.
This chemical defence, combined with their unique ability to puff up to several times their normal size, makes them a formidable meal for potential predators.
Despite their potentially dangerous nature, we still love our pufferfish for their quirky personalities, stunning patterns, and adorable swimming patterns.
Which pufferfish can you see at Hastings Aquarium?
Hastings Aquarium is home to a diverse selection of pufferfish, each with a distinctive look that you can keep an eye out for during your visit.
Porcupine pufferfish (Diodon holocanthus)
Also known as balloonfish or spiny puffer, the porcupine pufferfish is an instantly recognisable species. It is named for the spines that cover its body, which become more pronounced when it inflates as a defence mechanism.
These pufferfish are typically found in tropical and subtropical waters, particularly in coral reefs and seagrass beds. With their beak-like teeth, they can easily crush the hard shells of prey, which includes molluscs and crustaceans. Their large, expressive eyes give them a unique characteristic that sets them apart from other pufferfish species.
Map puffer (Arothron mappa)
The map puffer is an extraordinary species, named for the intricate, map-like patterns that pattern its skin.
This species is native to the Indo-Pacific region and can often be found in coral reefs and coastal waters. Reaching up to 24 inches in length, it is one of the larger species of pufferfish. Like many of its relatives, the map puffer is highly toxic, containing lethal doses of tetrodotoxin in its internal organs. Despite this, its striking appearance and graceful movements make it a fascinating species to observe.
White-spotted puffer (Arothron hispidus)
Commonly known as the stars and stripes puffer, the white-spotted puffer is recognised by its distinctive pattern of white spots and stripes on its body. It lives in shallow tropical waters across the Indo-Pacific and the Red Sea.
This pufferfish feeds on a varied diet, including algae, coral, and small invertebrates. It is known for its bold behaviour and curious nature, often approaching divers and aquarium visitors who stand near the glass.
Guineafowl puffer (Arothron meleagris)
The guineafowl puffer, also known as the golden puffer, is a striking species with a distinctive spotted appearance.
It is found in tropical reefs throughout the Indo-Pacific region and the Eastern Pacific. This species exhibits two colour morphs: a black body with white spots or a vibrant yellow hue. It is a non-aggressive species, typically seen grazing on algae and small invertebrates. However, like most pufferfish, it is highly toxic if ingested. Its unique colouration and gentle demeanour make it a fascinating addition to the aquarium.
Black-spotted puffer (Arothron nigropunctatus)
Also known as the dog-faced puffer, the black-spotted puffer is one of the most playful and charming members of the pufferfish family.
It is found throughout the Indo-Pacific region, often inhabiting coral-rich lagoons. This species is notable for its dog-like face and vibrant colours, ranging from pale blue to bright yellow. It feeds on algae and invertebrates, playing an important role in maintaining the health of coral ecosystems.
Indian dwarf puffer (Carinotetraodon travancoricus)
The Indian dwarf puffer, also known as the Malabar puffer, is one of the smallest pufferfish species, growing to only about one inch in length, making it also one of the cutest species!
Unlike most pufferfish, it thrives in freshwater environments and is native to rivers and streams in southwestern India. Despite its tiny size, it is known for its bold and inquisitive behaviour. This species is particularly popular among aquarium enthusiasts and offers a unique glimpse into the diversity of the pufferfish family.
Pufferfish are some of the most fascinating creatures you’ll encounter at Hastings Aquarium. From the colourful guineafowl puffer to the tiny Indian dwarf puffer, each species has its own unique characteristics to share. Whether you’re an avid marine enthusiast or an aquarium first-timer, these extraordinary fish are sure to capture your heart!
Book your tickets to Hastings Aquarium today and experience the wonder of pufferfish and other amazing marine creatures up close!